Water Analysis Essays - Intermolecular Forces, Inorganic Solvents

Water Analysis Water Water is used all around us everyday and is essential in the maintenance of life. Water is a requirement of the human body for the smooth functioning of body systems. Substituting other fluids for water can negatively impact ones health, especially in the case of children. Children who drink juices in the place of water have a tendency to be overweight and are at risk for other problems associated with normal growth. For teens and adults, reliance on fluids other than water also has side effects. For example, the sugar in soda contributes to tooth decay in teens, while in adults, the phosphoric acid can ultimately diminish bone density. Water is an odorless, tasteless, and transparent liquid. It may look colorless in small amounts, but in large amounts such as an ocean, it looks slightly blue. Water is the most common liquid on earth. Three-fourths of earths surface is covered with water. Water is made up of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen. Each hydrogen atom is connected to the oxygen atom by a covalent bond. The two H-O bonds form an angle of about 105 degrees. This arrangement results in a polar molecule. A polar molecule is a molecule with a net positive charge at the hydrogen ends and a net negative charge toward the oxygen end. This substance has a great amount of surface tension. Surface tension is a result of the water molecules clinging tightly together. This surface tension is responsible for causing a leaf to float on top of the water. The only liquid with a greater surface tension than water is mercury. Mercurys atoms are so attracted to each other that they tend not to adhere to anything else. Therefore, mercurys surface is able to hold heavier objects up, unlike any other liquid. Vaporization, or evaporation, is the change of a liquid to a gas. Water has a high heat of vaporization. At waters boiling point, it takes 540 calories to change 1 gram of liquid water into vapor. Hydrogen bonding also plays a role in waters high heat of vaporization. Vaporization comes from the rapid moving molecules. These molecules break loose from the surface and enter the air. The hotter the liquid, the faster the molecules move. Therefore, the hotter the liquid gets, the more vaporization occurs. In order for a water molecule to vaporize, it must break from its hydrogen bonds. This process requires taking heat from its surroundings, which, in turn, cools those surrounding elements. This is one way in which animals and plants stabilize their temperatures. Freezing of water occurs when its density increases. The density increases as the temperature drops. The molecules start to move slower and the space decreases between them. At 0 degrees C, the freezing point of water, the water becomes its hardest, or most stable. Water in solid form takes up a greater amount of volume than water as a liquid. Also, ice is much more dense than liquid, therefore the ice floats in liquid. Water supports many different processes. It is a crucial nutrient in the growth of the human body and is a key element in the stabilization of earths ecosystems. Water is the most abundant liquid on earth and is also the most important. Science Essays

Attention Deficit Disorder

Attention Deficit Disorder For centuries children have been grounded, beaten, or even killed for ignoring the rules or not listening to what they're told. In the past it was thought these "bad" kids were the products of bad parenting, bad environment, or simply being stubborn, however it is now known that many of these children may have had Attention Deficit Disorder, or A. D. D., and could've been helped. A. D. D. is a syndrome that affects millions of children and adults in the United States and is a very frustrating and confusing syndrome that often goes undiagnosed.While there is no clear-cut definition of A. D. D., it's known that it's a genetic disorder that affects males more often than females, in a 3:1 ratio, and is marked by a classic triad of symptoms, which are impulsivity, distractibility, and hyperactivity (Hallowell 6). There are two general types of A. D. D.,English: Ritalin (Australian packaging)the stereotypical, high-energy, hyperactive group, and the less known underactive ones that often d aydream and are never mentally present anywhere. Typically, people with A. D. D. are very likable and are usually very emphatic, intuitive, and compassionate, however they have very unstable moods that can range from an extreme high to an extreme low instantly, for no apparent reason. Usually, they procrastinate often and have trouble finishing projects, while conversely, they can hyperfocus at times and accomplish tasks more quickly and efficiently than a normal person could. Often they have short tempers and lack the impulse to stop themselves from blowing up over minor details (Hallowell 10).Although A. D. D. has just recently been discovered and there is still relatively little known about it, it has an interesting history. In 1902, George Frederic Still first thought that the dilemma of problem children was a biological defect inherited from an... Attention Deficit Disorder Attention Deficit Disorder Five year old Danny is in kindergarten. It is playtime and he hops from chair to chair, swinging his arms and legs restlessly, and then begins to fiddle with the light switches, turning the lights on and off again to everyone's annoyanceall the while talking nonstop. When his teacher encourages him to join a group of other children busy in the playroom, Danny interrupts a game that was already in progress and takes over, causing the other children to complain of his bossiness and drift away to other activities. Even when Danny has the toys to himself, he fidgets aimlessly with them and seems unable to entertain himself quietly. To many, this may seem like a problem; and it is. Danny most likely suffers from what is called Attention Deficit Disorder. Recent controversy has erupted as to whether Attention Deficit Disorder in fact deserves the title of "disorder." Some people, like Thomas Armstrong, a psychologist and educator, believe Attention Deficit Disorder is merely a myth; "...a dumping ground for a heterogeneous group of kids who are hyperactive or inattentive for a number of reasons including underlying anxiety, depression, and stresses in their families, schools , and in our culture." (Armstrong 15) However, he and those who question the validity of Attention Deficit Disorder are mistaken. Attention Deficit Disorder is in fact a disorder because it is recognized as such in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fourth Edition), it is treatable through prescription medication and therapy and if left untreated inhibits one from functioning properly in society. Before delving into the ways in which Attention Deficit Disorder matches the criteria established for what a disorder is, it is important to first understand the disorder and have some background information on it. The symptoms of Attention De...

ME Critical Thinking Mod 5 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

ME Critical Thinking Mod 5 - Essay Example Several economists have regarded income inequality as one of the major concerns. Therefore one cannot ignore the importance of alleviation of income inequality to achieve long term economic growth. It can even be stated that increases in income inequality in the short term will lead to decrease in income inequality in the long term. The US government has taken some initiatives in order to stimulate economic growth of the nation. They have taken the initiative to persuade the private sector to make investments in green technologies. Such type of technologies uses low carbon. Such a policy was followed with the view to restore the confidence of the investors through green investments as well as innovation (Grantham Research Institute on Climate Change and the Environment, 2012). The government currently is not in a position to offset the private savings through extra borrowing. But they have the capability to restore the confidence of the investors if they can choose the right instrume nt with the view to stimulate private investment. Such type of low carbon investments will surely improve the quality of life by not only creating job opportunities but the environment will also reap the benefits of low carbon emission. In order to make the first policy regarding investments in green technologies to be much more successful some initiatives from the part of the government like providing some kind of subsidy or relaxation for the investors can be taken. Such actions will act as the incentives for the investors. The loans for students in the country of US are backed by the government. The loans usually carry a fixed rate of interest but there have been cases where the rates remained high in spite of the overall rate being low. It has been expected that the reform on student loans will discourage adults for further education and women were expected to suffer most (Murray, 2012). The policies of student loans do not seem to upgrade the quality of life as the rates of int erest is significantly high. The interest rates for the students must be the same for all and low as well. If the interest rate is high they are not going to opt for the loans and the economy as a whole will suffer. It is necessary to keep the interest rates low and more and more needy students are to be driven under the purview. The forces of globalization reshaped the global economy. Some of the experts opined that the expanding free trade policy of the government will open up new jobs opportunities. The exports of the country will find its place in the foreign markets and the competitiveness will get boosted. The policy of free trade and that of trade liberalization will open up more opportunities for the exports of the country and so the policy is expected to be gainful for the economy. There are two folds benefits from free trade. The short term advantages include lower consumer prices, wider potential of consumers as well as larger investments in the sector that enjoy comparat ive advantage. Thus the dead weight loss is reduced (Department of Business Innovation and Skills, 2012). Free trade has the potential to create expanded markets for the export sector in the long run. Globalization driven by trade has reached by unprecedented pace. It has laid down the path of creating new opportunities that contribute in accelerating economic growth and reduce the level of poverty. Policymakers have clinched the liberalization of trade in course of time because such policies seemed to enhance economic

Socio-cultural Influences on Consumption Japan Speech or Presentation

Socio-cultural Influences on Consumption Japan - Speech or Presentation Example Shintoism and Buddhism are the major religions in Japan. Some people practice both, as the religions complement each other in many ways. Coming to the language, Japanese is official and widely used, even in case of business communication. Interpreters do the translation in case of language-handicap experienced with overseas business clientele. They expect their language to be valued, even while using it for business, promotional or packaging purposes. People are respected by age and the ancestors are worshipped in Japan. Extended families consisting of uncles, aunts and grandparents were of common occurrence until recent years, when the hike in real estate prices made nuclear families more feasible. However, all the relatives meet up during festivals. Thus, the consumption pattern of the consumers have changed based on the variations in the family structure. Food is an essential part of Japanese culture. The head or the eldest or the most important person is allowed to start the meal first. Soup is an accompaniment, rather than being a starter and slurping noodles even in formal meetings is usual. Japanese remain communicate less while eating, because mealtime is meant for enjoying food. Their food philosophy is of total well-being, termed as Shokuiku. Brief cereal breakfasts, packed or bought lunches and detailed dinners with family are common (International Markets Bureau, 2010). Japanese consumers hold certain taboos, which need consideration in understanding their behavior. Saying ‘no’ is not of common practice in Japan. Pointing anything with chopsticks; usage of number ‘4’; white shirt, black trousers and black suit; exchanging food with chopsticks, etc., remind them of death and funeral and thus, these gestures must be avoided (kwintessential, 2004). Harmony and cooperation are the values that are promot ed in Japan. Education, home and business settings revolve around working with others, being polite even in case of disagreement and learning to live in collaboration. Thus, the societal norms in Japan are community oriented. Diligence and empathy are part and parcel of their behavior, which places the thoughts and feelings of others, before one’s own (Kogler, 2006). People assist others who need their help, by putting aside their own job at hand and they feel embarrassed when they are not in a condition to do the needful. This again reflects the emphasis on consumer service orientation and apt response to command and authority of the employees in the nation (kwintessential, 2004). The code of conduct for businesses in Japan essentially emphasizes courtesy, compassion and consideration. Maintaining a business card in Japanese, exchanging it on important occasions and treasuring those extended by the others form a part of this protocol of reverence. While attending a business gathering, everyone is expected to look well-groomed, formal and be punctual (kwintessential, 2004). Establishing long-term business relations is preferred to immediate

Figures of speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Figures of speech - Essay Example Figures of speech Style and outstanding clarity are major features of the profound speakers in the world’s history. The ultimate objective of the figures is to initiate a creative shape of the speech. The diverse figures have unique purposes within the speeches. This is evident in the subsequent analysis of Martin Luther’s speech. Diverse figures are evident in the speech of Martin Luther King Jnr. Artful repetition is a paramount technique in formulating and presenting speeches. This involves a deliberate repetition of words or phrases with an objective of clarity and emphasis. The figure of speech also minimizes the complexity of the concepts at hand. Therefore, the audiences have maximum benefits from this figure of speech. It disintegrates sophisticated details for the interest of the audience. This is an evident phenomenon in the speech by Martin Luther King Jnr. In his third paragraph, he artfully repeats the phrase â€Å"one hundred years later†. This brings an emphasis and clarity about the chronology within the hundred years of an immigrant. Therefore, he skillfully disintegrates the complexity of history and presents a simple account. Assertion is also a paramount figure of speech. This technique ensures a revelation of relationships amongst concepts of discussion. The audience always attains clarity and understanding from the comprehensive comparisons of the concepts under discussion. Under this technique, analogies are essential figures of speech. They signify particular affiliations amongst the concepts of discussion.

Introduction of gatorade company

Introduction of gatorade company Abstract In this term paper I first give introduction of Gatorade Company and then its expansion into international market. The political, economic, social, technological, ecological and legal (PESTEL) environments of the company in India and Porters 5 forces model is also being discussed in this term paper. It also defines the opportunities in international market for Gatorades products, its market selection decision, pricing approaches of Gatorade product for Indian market. Introduction Gatorade is a brand of flavored non-carbonated sports drinks manufactured by the Quaker Oats Company, now a division of PepsiCo. Intended for consumption during physically active occasions, Gatorade beverages are formulated to rehydrate and replenish fluid, carbohydrates and electrolytes. Gatorade started in the summer of 1965 with the realization that the Florida Gators football players could not make it through practice without struggling. Many players reported being dehydrated and playing sluggish during team drills. So the physicians got together and determined what exactly the problem was. The athletics suffered from a back lack of electrolytes and carbohydrates, which was not being replenished with just water. The group of four physicians blended a drink that had perfect balance of carbohydrates and electrolytes. The drink would prove to help the Gator football team perform better on the field, so naturally they called the drink Gatorade. What happened next was rather remarkable because then players started performing better. They finished with a record of 7-4 that season and the next seasons they finished with a record of 9-2, winning the orange bowl for the first time in school history. Eventually, the drink moved into the professional leagues and the first team to adopt it was the Kansas City Chiefs. The chief has trouble practicing in the stifling heat of Missouris summer afternoons and they kept it on the side-lines the whole year. It resulted in the chiefs beating the heavily favoured Minnesota Vikings in super bowl sixth. Soon it become popular to have Gatorade on the side-lines and it started the sports drink category. By 1965, Gatorade had expanded its research in sports science by building the Gatorade sports science institute. The institute allows them to better understand the human body, its needs during the stress of competition and how to improve their products. Gatorade is the official sports drink of the National Football League Major League Baseball, National Basketball Association, Womens National Basketball Association, USA Basketball, National Hockey League, Association of Volleyball Professionals, US Soccer Federation, Major League Soccer, and many other pro or collegiate organizations, providing supplies of the drinks to the teams in all flavors available. Gatorade extended their market to the U.K., in 2008, and promoted this, in part, by becoming the sports drink provider for Chelsea F.C. Composition The original Gatorade contained water, sucrose (table sugar) and glucose-fructose syrups, citric acid, fish oil, sodium chloride (table salt), sodium citrate, monopotassium phosphate, and flavoring/coloring ingredients; some Gatorade flavorings use brominated vegetable oil as a stabilizer. Gatorade Thirst Quencher meets the Food and Drug Administrations definition of a low sodium product. Gatorade is available in a variety of flavors, including the original Lemon-Lime, Grape, Orange, and Fruit punch. In the past decade, several new formulations of Gatorade, including Rain, AM, Fierce and X-Factor, have been introduced with each only being minor tweaks of the original 1965 formula. Gatorade revealed the Gatorade line Energy Bar in 1999. This energy bar was Gatorades first foray into solid foods and was introduced to compete with PowerBar and Clif Bar. Gatorade Energy Bars contain a large proportion of protein, in addition to its carbohydrates. The bar is mainly made up of puffed grains and corn syrup, common components of other energy bars. Gatorades Products Original Gatorade Thirst Quencher Gatorade Fierce Gatorade Frost Gatorade Xtremo Gatorade Nutrition Shake Gatorade Energy Drink Gatorade Energy Bar Propel Fitness Water Propel is a lightly flavored water with essential vitamins and just 10 calories. Available in four natural flavors including Lemon, Berry, Black Cherry and Orange, Propel is currently the market leader in the rapidly growing fitness water category. PEST Analysis of Gatorade Company Political analysis for Gatorade: The government plays a role within the operation of manufacturing these products in terms of regulations. There are potential fines set by the government on companies if they do not meet a standard of laws. The following are some of the factors that could cause Gatorade companys actual results to differ materially from the expected results described in their underlying companys forward statement:- Changes in laws and regulations, including changes in accounting standards, taxation requirements, (including tax rate changes, new tax laws and revised tax law interpretations) and environmental laws in domestic or foreign jurisdictions. Changes in the non-alcoholic business environment. These include, without limitation, competitive product and pricing pressures and their ability to gain or maintain share of sales in the global market as a result of action by competitors. Political conditions, especially in international markets, including civil unrest, government changes and restrictions on the ability to transfer capital across borders. Their ability to penetrate developing and emerging markets, which also depends on economic and political conditions, and how well they are able to acquire or form strategic business alliances with local bottlers and make necessary infrastructure enhancements to production facilities, distribution networks, sales equipment and technology. Economic analysis for Gatorade: The economic stability in the target market facilitates an international marketers task. For example a recession creating increased activity at the lower ends of product price ranges. Rate of interest raises depressing business and causing redundancies and lower spending levels. Economic environment of India affects the international marketing decisions of Gatorade greatly. The economic conditions of a country such as the state of foreign exchange reserves and inflationary conditions also affect the openness of a countrys trade policies. In the recent years, the opening up of the Indian market has paved the way for import and distribution of consumer goods. However, it has put pressure on domestic firms to compete with international brands such as Gatorade, PowerAde etc. Social Analysis for Gatorade: Social change involves changing attitudes and lifestyles. Many Indian citizens are practicing healthier lifestyles. This has affected the non-alcoholic beverage industry in that many are switching to bottled water and diet sports drink instead of beer and other alcoholic beverages. The need for bottled water and other more convenient and healthy products (Gatorade sports drink) are in important in the average day-to-day life. Consumers from the ages of 37 to 55 are also increasingly concerned with nutrition. There is a large population of the age range known as the baby boomers. Since many are reaching an older age in life they are becoming more concerned with increasing their longevity. This will continue to affect the non-alcoholic beverage industry by increasing the demand overall and in the healthier beverages. Technological Analysis for Gatorade: The effectiveness of Gatorade Companys advertising, marketing and promotional programs are the factors which cause company actual result. They make some products look attractive. This helps in selling of the products. This advertising makes the product attractive. This technology is being used in media to sell their products. Introduction of cans and plastic bottles have increased sales for Gatorade as these are easier to carry and you can bind them once they are used. As the technology is getting advanced there has been introduction of new machineries all the time. Due to introduction of this machineries the production of the Gatorade company has increased tremendously then it was few years ago. Porters 5 forces model for Gatorade Company Rivalry among competitors: There is high competition for Gatorade Company because other Sports drink companies are also there which are providing the same tough competition to Gatorade. Rivalry is increasing, as the market decreases, and competitors downsize, the competitors become more or less equal in size and capacity. This means that as economic conditions worsen, competitors downsize and then compete for the same remaining market. Threats of new entry: The threat of new entrants is high in the Sports drink industry because many other companies are also coming in the same market in order to provide cut through competition to Gatorade. Threats of substitutes: Threats of substitutes is very high because many other forms of soft drinks are available in the market which is doing the same work as that of the Gatorade. Bargaining power of Buyers: The bargaining power of buyers is very high because many other sports drinks are also available in the market such as PowerAde so buyer if not satisfied with the product can switch to other companies products. Bargaining power of suppliers: The suppliers power is low for Gatorade Company because other player such as PowerAde of Coca Cola are also present in the market so the suppliers cannot charge high cost by the customers than its competitors. Current Products G Series and Elite Series In early 2010, Gatorade announced its latest marketing campaign, promoting its products as the G Series. Gatorade describes the G Series as a three-part regimen designed to fuel every step of its consumers athletic performance. The first part, Prime, includes a pre-game fuel with B vitamins, carbohydrates, and electrolytes to be taken before athletic performance. G Prime is described as coming soon on the companys website. The second part of the series, Perform, includes traditional Gatorade products such as Gatorade G, G2, and Gatorade powder. The third part of G Series, Recover, is described as the worlds first rehydrating protein drink and is designed for consumption immediately following athletic activity. In addition to the G Series, Gatorade also maintains a line of products called the Elite Series designed for serious athletes. Similar to the G Series, the Elite Series includes products for before, during, and after workouts, as well as All Day nutrition shakes. G2: Off the Field Hydration, Otherwise known as Gatorade 2 (G2), is a low-calorie electrolyte beverage that was launched in late 2007; G2 is currently available in six flavors: Orange, Fruit Punch, Lemon-Lime, Strawberry Kiwi, Blueberry-Pomegranate, and Grape. It is also labeled as a healthy choice beverage. It was the top new food product of 2008, generating the sales of $159.1 million. 2009 Rebranding In 2009, Gatorade began a massive rebranding, resulting in new names for most of their products; however, some products only had name changes: Original Gatorade was relabeled as Gatorade G Gatorade Rain was relabeled as No Excuses Other products were reformulated as well: Gatorade AM was relabeled Shine On, which now contains the addition of 20% RDV of Vitamin C per 8-oz. serving. Gatorade X-Factor was relabeled as Be Tough, which now contains the addition of 20% RDV of Vitamin E per 8-oz. serving. Gatorade Fierce was relabeled Bring It, which now contains the addition of 25% RDV of several B vitamins, including B3, B5 and B6. G2, which was not renamed, now contains the same added B vitamins as Bring It. G2s label was further redesigned at the end of 2009, giving it a silver label and a new slogan: Â ½ the Calories, All the G. Former Products Gator Gum In the late 1970s and early 1980s (as well as the late 90s to early 2000s), Gatorade sold a brand of chewing gum called Gator Gum. The product, manufactured by Fleer Corporation, was available in both of Gatorades original flavors (lemon-lime and orange) and was rather sour-tasting by normal chewing gum standards. In the late 1970s, Stokley-Van Camp (owner of Gatorade prior to 1983) negotiated a long-term licensing deal, with Swell and Vicks, to market Gator Gum. T he gum, which had no functionality or ingredients of Gatorade Thirst Quencher, was discontinued in 1989 after the contract expired. Mueller Sports, in Wisconsin, manufactures a gum called Quench; it is based on Gator Gum but is not the same as what Stokley-Van Camp created. Gator Gums foil packaging advertised that the product Helps Quench Thirst. However, like all chewing gums, the product would not actually rehydrate the body on its own but would, instead, only give the feeling of a wet mouth. However, it did contain electrolytes to assist the human body with the rehydration process. Competition of Gatorade with PowerAde Gatorades main competitive brand is POWERade, made by the Coca-Cola Company. PowerAde is the main competitor for Gatorade, others like all sport exist, but they do not present a challenge to Gatorade. The brand of PowerAde has essentially the same target market as Gatorade: 18-24 year old males who are engaged in athletics. However, PowerAde appears to be looking for the trendier types of consumers. Based upon their company website design, it seems as through PowerAde is trying to offer the attributes of having the cooler drink. PowerAde has a very interactive website compared to Gatorade, one can choose from 8 different varieties of musical beats that represent each unique flavour. The website also allows individuals who are visiting the site to put up their own thoughts about PowerAde. PowerAde does not have a good target market perception; they are considered a second place to Gatorade, PowerAde does not have the same quality of winning athletics that Gatorade has. They also lack scientific research behind their product without a research institute. The future for competition against Gatorade seems bleak. Gatorade owns the sports drink category and much can be done to stop them. Segmentation, Targeting Positioning Demographics The demographics of the Gatorade target market are active males, aged 18-25. They can be students, just starting their career, or well established, regardless of status the majority of them believe they are athletics. They grew up idolizing many different sports athletics and teams, which still have an influence. They make very wide variety of incomes because Gatorade is inexpensive. Education could vary also, most have at least high school level education and some have college experience. Their attitudes can vary a little, but most of them are competitive, care about sports and enjoy their perspective athletics endeavours. These types of consumers may also be interested in other sport-related clothing and accessories. They may be interested in items such as jerseys, hats, shoes or anything that will show off their allegiance to a team, sport or player. Advertisement TARGET MARKET: Athletes CURRENT SLOGAN: Is it in you? TYPES of ADS: commercials, web site, print, sponsorship, partnerships, promotion, etc. Endorsements Gatorade scored a slam dunk in 1991 when it tabbed Jordan to become its first athlete endorser. Although the sports drink brand already dominated store shelves, millions of people still have the Be like Mike jingle stuck in their head so many years later. Other Endorsers include, Mia Hamm Derek Jeter Vince Carter Peyton Manning Yao Ming Positioning of Gatorade Positioning is making unique identity in the mind of the prospective customers. Sports being Gatorades biggest focus, they brand themselves as the best sports drink for an athletics trying to reach their peak performance. They have done this through source credibility, by gathering a group of athletics like Peyton Manning, Dwyane Wade, Derek Jeter, Kevin Garnett and Michael Jordan. All of these athletics are memorable and influential to kids and adults, but Jordan has the most impact. Recent Programs Defeat the Heat Campaign to protect kids from heat illness After a 10 year old boy collapsed on a sports field, he and his mom helped initiate Defeat the Heat which was sponsored by Gatorade, National Athletic Trainers Assoc., and SAFE KIDS. This program teaches kids the importance of staying hydrated while playing sports. Gatorade loves Racing Gatorade has become a huge influence on NASCAR racing by becoming a huge sponsor. They introduced the G.I.D.S. (Gatorade In-Car Drinking System) to give drivers fluids during long races. Makes getting fluids easier Gatorade is able to advertise heavier now during a sporting event that has a huge fan base that increases every year. Expansion Strategies of Gatorade in India Diversification Strategy: Gatorade as US Company will use Diversification strategy in India because it is new product for Indian customers and the market is also new for Gatorade. So for the growth of the product in the new market in order to make people aware of the Gatorade products for increasing market share diversification strategy will be used by Gatorade company. Under the direction of the Quaker Oats company, Gatorades distribution was increased and new flavours have been added. This also included an advertising and promotion campaign held in conjunction with the NBA (National Basketball Association) Championship. Pricing Strategies for Gatorade in India Skimming Pricing: Selling a product at a high price, sacrificing high sales to gain a high profit, therefore skimming the market. Gatorade use skimming pricing strategy in India as they have targeted mostly athletic so they can charge high because of their new product in the Indian market as a division of PepsiCo Company. So skimming pricing strategy can be used by Gatorade Company for Indian market. Competition based pricing: Setting the price based upon prices of the similar competitor products. Competitive pricing is based on three types of competitive product: Products have lasting distinctiveness from competitors product. Here we can assume The product has low price elasticity The product has low cross elasticity The demand of the product will rise Products have perishable distinctiveness from competitors product, assuming the product features are medium distinctiveness. Products have little distinctiveness from competitors product. assuming that: The product has high price elasticity The product has some cross elasticity No expectation that demand of the product will rise Gatorade is priced slightly lower than its main competition, PowerAde. PepsiCo keeps very close control over the pricing of its products, ensuring that every channel member makes a profit. Product promotion for Gatorade is focused in three areas, media advertising, event sponsorship, and contests. The main competitor for Gatorade is the Coca-Cola product, PowerAde. Currently Gatorade seems to have the upper hand because it is experiencing sales growth while PowerAde is not expecting any growth. Gatorade keeps its competitive edge through product innovation. Current Trends Despite aggressive competition, Gatorade was able to maintain its market share in 1997 and make further inroads into foreign markets. The company cited the addition of new flavours in addition to packaging changes, promotions, and scrutinized distribution. Among these were the Cherry Rush, Strawberry Kiwi, and Mmmmandarina flavours, added in 1996. Prior to that, three new flavours, aimed at women athletes, were introduced-Alpine Snow, Glacier Freeze, and White water Splash. Global Presence For many years, Gatorade was primarily a United States phenomenon. In 1992 Quaker Oats decided to distribute the beverage worldwide. The theory was that the drink would be equally successful outside the United States because no other sports beverage because of its distinct scientific formulation and market position is more poised to take advantage of a worldwide opportunity. The company continues to work at expanding distribution beyond the United States, particularly in Latin America and the Pacific Rim countries. More than $20 million was spent on expansion in 1996, resulting in sales of $283 million in more than 45 nations. The number of countries in which the sports drink was sold increased by 10 over the previous year. Worldwide sales increased 19 percent internationally, reflecting growth in both Latin America and Italy. In 1997 international sales climbed 18.7 percent to $335.2 million. By 1998 the company was the worlds leading manufacturer of sports beverages, with Gatorade being sold in 47 countries around the world. The number one sports drink in the United States, Canada, Mexico, Italy, Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Colombia, Indonesia and the Philippines, Gatorade is also one of the leading sports drink brands in Korea and Sport Drink Gatorade is marketed not merely as a tasty drink, but as a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage designed to provide rapid rehydration. How does it work? Well, all food and beverages are absorbed by the small intestine, and Gatorade claims that its 6-percent carbohydrate level and small amount of sodium are ideal for rapid fluid absorption. By comparison, beverages with a higher percentage of carbohydrates, such as fruit drinks and soft drinks, are said to slow the absorption rate of fluids. Gatorade points out that the salt and sugar in Gatorade stimulates people to drink more fluid voluntarily. Current Strategy Target Market Athletes Males 18 to 24 Focused on Point of Sweat Getting to Market TV Ads /ESPN Sports Venues cups, coolers, billboards Sports Magazines Limited Radio Sponsored Events Celebrity Endorsements High School Athlete of the Year Current Market Facts Part of PepsiCo Control 80% 90% of Market Share in North America 1.5 Billion dollar brand Competition PowerAde (Coke) Private Label Isotonic Sports Drinks Water View of Future State Create Brand Loyalty Younger generation Increase market share New Market Non-athletes How Do they Attract Youth? Parenting Magazines Emphasize health benefits of the active child Kids Magazines Sports Illustrated for Kids, Seventeen, etc. Internet Pop Ups / Websites Nick Jr., Discovery Kids, Disney TV Ads on Kids Programming Target Youth Endorsements appealing to the younger child Dora the Explorer, Sponge Bob Video game background banners Form strategic partnerships with other companies, Ex. EA Sports Continue celebrity endorsements aimed at pre-teens/teens Derek Jeter Mia Hamm Supporting Facts Current National Trend is to Decrease Childhood Obesity Overweight children 9 million (3x that of 1980) Children dehydrate faster that adults Instill brand recognition at an early age Studies show taste promotes more consumption with kids Attracting a New Market Non-Athletes Home Improvement Contractors Do-It-Yourselfers Construction Workers SWOT Analysis of Gatorade Strengths Gatorade is the market leader in the sport drink category, dominating the main competition of PowerAde. Gatorade has science to back up their product and it is proven to excel and maintain physical performance during competition. It is the field of play in many professional sports, which means not is it on television, but it is also proven to work at the highest level. A wide array of athletes endorses the Gatorade message from virtually every type of sport. Not only are those, but nearly every one of their athletes proven winners which instils additional credibility in the brand. Gatorade has a loyal consumer base and their brand is held in high regard. This gives them flexibility to expend into other products meant to help athletes. Weaknesses There may be too many varieties and flavours of the Gatorade product, which might ultimately, might confuse and annoy customers. Gatorade also does not have an energy drink and do not have lot of potential to make one because it could lead to dehydration. Work needs to be done in these two areas and they can heal the few weaknesses they have. Opportunities If Gatorade can develop a unique blend that would provide additional energy and keep athletes hydrated it would certainly give them an edge. Adding one athlete from the mixed martial arts (MMA) could help them expand quite a bit. Since MMA has recently boomed in the sports world as the new, exciting form of entertainment. They could also add a vitamin-enhanced hydrator to complete with brands like vitamin water that take some of their target market. Gatorade also has some products listed on their website that have some potential like protein shakes, but they are not promoted as much. Threats New energy drinks flavours present a threat to Gatorade because it is also appealing to the target market of 18-24 year old males. The currency economy also has an effect on what people will consider to buy the grocery store. Finally, Gatorade has to worry about their brand plateauing and losing interest in their target market. Suggestions and recommendations I would like to give certain suggestions to the Gatorade company which are as follows: Gatorade Company targeted mainly athletics and sports persons and there exist a huge potential in the market for them so they should also have targeted other segments in order to have more market share. In India they use skimming pricing approach by which they can charge high prices but if they charge less by reducing the price of the Gatorade products they can increase their sales which give them maximum profits. In Indian market they should have created more awareness among the peoples as less number of peoples knows about the Gatorade brand. For promotion in Indian market they should have used celebrity endorsement such as cricketers or Bollywood stars as they use Michael Jordan for the promotion of their energy drink products. They should have also made the Gatorade products for the rural India as more than 70% of the sector is unorganised and there exist huge potential for growth. Conclusion References GATORADES EXPENSION INTO INTERNATIONAL MARKET-BY-MOHD FAHAD

Harriet Jacobs :: essays research papers fc

In the stories expressed by Harriet Jacobs, through the mindset of Linda Brent, some harsh realities were revealed about slavery. I’ve always known slavery existed and that it was a very immoral act. But never before have I been introduced to actual events that occurred. Thought the book Linda expresses how she wasn’t the worst off. Not to say her life wasn’t difficult, but she acknowledged that she knows she was not treated as bad as others.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Linda’s life was without knowing she was a slave until she was bout six years old. Her father was skilled craftsmen and so his was allowed to work for his profit as long as he gave half to his master. Linda’s mother died when Linda was young, so her maternal grandmother took car of her and her brother William. Her grandmother had been freed by an elderly white woman. Aunt Martha, as was known, was very loved by many including whites and blacks especially by Linda. As soon as she realized her fate in slavery her grandmother became her only female figure of who she really loved and trusted.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As slavery became more and more a part of Linda’s life began to soon change as she learned that she was owned by a white master and his mistress and that she was to do exactly what they asked of her without exception or question. Black slaves were not seen as humans but merely as property who served as servants. They could not accumulate property or belongings or authority because they too were property often compared to â€Å"chattel†. No man or woman had any value except for the price tag placed on them when they entered the bidding block. However, the destiny was different for a man than for a woman in slavery. For a black man, slavery meant long hours everyday, having a family But not having any authority amongst it, dealing with the constant reminder that he as a slave could not protect his wife or children form any harm done by the master, and that if he ever disobeyed he would be beat or killed and there would nothing that could be done in his defense. His long hours worked would never provide money for the benefit of his family. His family was supported by the masters and therefore their primary duty was to obey the masters. For women, slavery had other heart wrenching aspects.

Why Voting Is Important

Voting is one of the most important things that can be done as an American. Voting gives people the right to voice their opinion on pending laws, ordinances, and who they want to be in local and state officials. It also will let people decide who will be the leaders of our country. Voting makes it impossible for someone or one party to stay in office longer than the legal amount of time. Voting gives people the power so there cannot be laws passed without them having a say on it.If a law is being voted on the members of the community, which it will be affecting will have a chance to vote on it. Some elections are won by a very small margins and it could have gone in the other direction if everyone that was eligible to vote, would register and actually go out and vote. People who do not vote, others decide what is good for the way that they will living our lives. Voting decides how American is going to be run and everyone’s voice will be heard.Voting is part of being an America n, and everyone should take advantage of it. Voting is important because it exercises our right to vote as an American citizen to express our issues and ideas. Voting is the most powerful way to express your ideas and opinions. If you didn’t vote you would never be able to argue your opinion on such things as abortion, gas prices, tax dollars, or more better paying jobs. Voting exercises your right as an American citizen to express your issues and opinions.The leaders of our country have always been chosen through the presidential election since the beginning of constitution and by laws. Voting helps decide who will run our nation for the next term. Without voting our country would be ran by monarchy or dictatorship. Voting to decide who will run our country for the next four years is more than important to our survival as a nation of strong free people. Voting makes the difference from being lead by someone we chose as the people than by someone who took charge without the p eoples consent or by their bloodline.

buy custom Outbreak of E.coli and Food Safety essay

buy custom Outbreak of E.coli and Food Safety essay CNN Wire Staff reported on September 25, 2011 that USDA has recalled beef consignment that was headed for Georgia school lunches (CNN Wire Staff, 2011). The report mentioned that 40,000 pounds of beef products (CNN Wire Staff, 2011) were recalled due to suspected infection of E.coli. This step was taken by the U.S. Department of Agriculture as they suspected that the entire consignment was contaminated. The report also stated that the Beef products were being sent to Georgia where they were deemed to be stored in two warehouses. CNN Wire Staff (2011) mentioned that the Beef products were intended for six school systems in Georgia. This is an extremely serious issue as E.coli contamination is responsible for bloody diarrhea, dehydration and, in severe cases, kidney failure (CNN Wire Staff, 2011). It is also responsible for destroying immune system among babies and elderly population. Thankfully, the contamination of the consignment was suspected and detected early by the USDA and was barred from distribution in the schools. The seriousness of this issue is reflected in a separate incident in Germany as reported by WHO. The World Health Organization issued a global alert on 27 May 2011 that An outbreak of severe illness is causing concern in Germany, where 3 women have died and 276 cases of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) have been reported since the second week of May (WHO, 2011). It should be noted that haemolytic uraemic syndrome is caused by Escherichia coli bacteria. However, unlike the Georgia case, the German fallout was only detected after the actual incidents of reported cases and it has become extremely serious as the outbreak is very rapid and the victims are mostly above the age of 18. Another major difference lies in the fact that the German E.coli contamination is fundamentally vegetable borne unlike its Georgian counterpart. Furthermore, in Georgia, the infection was easily controlled by the authority whereas, in Germany, it is already an epidemic and here the authorities are forced issu e warning and precautionary measures that include Regular hand washing, particularly before passed from person to person, as well as through food, water and direct contact with animals (WHO, 2011). It should be noted that the scientific name of the referenced microorganism is Escherichia coli and it is gram negative bacteria that can be termed as a recombinant DNA. According to Lan, R. (2002) it is generally referred to as facultative anaerobic and non-sporulating and it can affect human, mammal or bird. The outbreak of Escherichia coli is a very serious matter as it affects individuals, public health, society because it is extremely infectious and can spread very rapidly causing epidemic within a very small period. As a result, on a personal level, the news of Georgia is extremely scary as it indicates a possible signal of a contagion that could cause serious toil on individual and society. It should be noted that the article on Georgia was accurate enough as it was reported by CNN and it is a very reliable source. However, the reference sources are more reliable because WHO is considered as the benchmark of food and health safety organization and the other reference, the arti cle by Lan (2002), if also very reliable as it was published in Microbes Infect, a highly esteemed peer reviewed journal. Buy custom Outbreak of E.coli and Food Safety essay

Quotes From the Film Boondock Saints

Quotes From the Film 'Boondock Saints' Two Irish brothers, Murphy and Connor, feel that theyve been authorized by God to clean up the underworld. Predictably a lot of blood, gore, and swear words follow. Each Boondock Saints quote given below is representative of the colorful dialogue that abounds in the film. Connor Well, a penny saved is worth two in the bush, isnt it? Connor You look like Mush-mouth from Fat Albert. Il Duce The question is not how far. The question is, do you possess the constitution, the depth of faith, to go as far as is needed? Monsignor And I am reminded, on this holy day, of the sad story of Kitty Genovese. As you all may remember, a long time ago, almost thirty years ago, this poor soul cried out for help time and time again, but no person answered her calls. Though many saw, no one so much as called the police. They all just watched as Kitty was being stabbed to death in broad daylight. They watched as her assailant walked away. Now, we must all fear evil men. But there is another kind of evil which we must fear most, and that is the indifference of good men. Murphy Were sorta like 7-Eleven. Were not always doing business, but were always open. Murphy Do not kill. Do not rape. Do not steal. These are principles which every man of every faith can embrace. Murphy [to a Russian gangster] So youre Chekov, huh? Well, this heres McCoy. Find a Spock, we got us an away team. Paul Smecker First of all, Id like to thank whichever one of you donut-munching, barrel-assed, pud-pulling sissies leaked this to the press. Thats all we need now: some sensational story in the papers making these guys out to be superheroes, triumphing over evil. Paul Smecker So Duffy, have any theories to go with that tie? Paul Smecker You know, you Irish cops are perking up. Thats two sound theories in one day, neither of which deal with abnormally-sized men. Kind of makes me feel like Riverdancing. Rocco Ill catch you on the flip side. Yakavetta The 90s are killing me. I shouldnt have done that. Youre not supposed to tell a guy youre gonna kill him no more.

Response Paper 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Response Paper 4 - Essay Example Historians in the intentionalist side of the divide believe that the Holocaust has been the Fuhrer’s objective all along and has, in fact, been in the offing since 1919. The policy, which came to be known as the Last Solution, has been credited to Hitler’s madness alone and no one else’s (or at least primarily) though, according to Totten & Feinberg, he was influenced by the anti-Semitism sentiments in Germany and Austria back in the nineteenth century (29). Here, the Nazi structure has been reduced to a mere tool – a mechanism carrying out Hitler’s specific orders to annihilate the Jews in Europe. On the other hand, the functionalist argument dilutes Hitler’s complicity in the Holocaust. The main premise of this stand is that anti-Semitism has flourished in the German society, particularly in the Nazi hierarchy, whose members either wanted drastic solutions to Germany’s problems or to please their Fuhrer or both. Here, it is assumed that such deep-rooted anger towards the Jews made it easier for the bureaucracy to adopt a coordinated program in so short a time to exterminate the Jewish population. According to Berger, there are no evidences that specifically points to direct orders from Hitler himself and that what has been determined was an order to purge Germany of Jews, but with no explicit command as to how this will be achieved (5). In examining the merits and demerits of the arguments raised by the intentionalist and functionalist perpsectives, two important facts emerge. First is that both have legitimate claims to credibility and significance. For example, there are rich sources that demonstrate the systematic evolution of Hitler’s hate towards the Jews and these underscored how it became easier for him to attempt to annihilate the race, using the war as a pretext. Here, it also became easier for historians to credibly justify the sheer insanity of the mass murder. The breadth and

Assess the extent that the UN has been successful since its creation Essay

Assess the extent that the UN has been successful since its creation - Essay Example The Role of the United Nations). What is role is the UN playing today? Has the UN really been able to achieve the target of maintaining peace throughout the world? Has it really become the instrument of the super powers to fulfill their selfish motives? Since its creation a number of questions have been raised on the credibility of the UN. Big nations are bypassing the charter of the UN so how far is it relevant? Is it really going the League of Nations way? The most recent case has been the case of Kosova, where the UN controls the administration. Is that the role UN is supposed to play? Or is that UN was compelled to take on the Kosova due to the hegemony of the super power. Was really the war on Kosova by NATO essential? These are the questions, which are bound to come up while discussing the role of the UN in the world stage. If the UN has really made mistakes in Kosova, has it really understood its mistakes or is it still repeating them? The study indeed shows that the mistakes are still being committed. Is only preventing the war sufficient for the world peace? Can the world be peaceful without the welfare measures? And how relevant is UN really today, when we have seen the recent Afghan war and the Iraq war. These are the questions, which we shall try to answer in our discussions. These are the never ending and controversial questions. The Preamble of the UN clearly states that United Nations was founded to prevent and resolve international conflicts and help build a culture of peace in the world. These intentions are clearly reflected in the departments and the programs of the UN. The UN is taking care of everything that can be the source of the conflicts. The conflict can occur amongst the States or within the States and their causes can also be different. The former can be due to the land dispute, water dispute or other natural resources dispute. The conflicts within the State can be due to religious tensions, due to illiteracy, due caste system